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G. P. RISHBL. VULGANIZINGr AND GELLULOID APPARATUS.

No. 287,723. Patented Oot. 80, 1883.

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SPECIFICATION forming partV of Letters VPatent No. 287,723, dated October 30,1883. Application tiled March 30, 1883. (No model.)

.To @Zt whom it may concern: Beit known that I, GEORGE P. B1sHEL,a

citizen of the United States, residing at Hornellsville, in the county of Steuben and State of New York, have invented new and usefulI Improvements in Vulcanizing and Celluloid Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a vulcanizer and c elluloid apparatus adapted particularly -for dental use; and the novelty consists in the construction and arrangement of parts, as will be more fully hereinafter set forth, and spec'iiically pointed out in the claims.

The object of the invention is 'to produce anl apparatus that will generate steam for the treatment of rubber and celluloid in iiasks or molds, the generated steam being utilized as amotor for pressing the iiasks together; and to these ends the invention consists, essentially, in two cylindrical steam-tight compartments, one operating inside, the other as a piston, the space between the two being adapted to hold water for the generation of steam when heat is applied. The interior or piston cylinder' is adapted to receive the iiasks which contain the plaster molds into which the blanks are placed. The outery cylinder and a cap are secured firmly 'together b va screw-thread connection, and at this point packing is interposed to makea steam-tight joint. The iiasks are placed within the piston or interior cylinderfwhichis forced upward until the top flask bears against the cap by the expansion lof the steam in the chamber between the two cylinders, and means are provided for the escape of steam or air from'the interior of the inner cylinder untilthe said inner cylinder hasreached a predetermined point, or after the flasks havgjting-chamber a. From the upper edge of this beenv closed by the pressure, and at this point crates the steam beingcontinued until the material is cured.

The devices which comprise the invention are fully illustrated in the accompanying drawings,` which` form a part of this specioation, and in which- 1 Figure lis a central vertical section with the flasks in position andthe apparatus ready for heat to be applied. Fig. 2 is a similar view, showing the iiasks closed, the inner cylinder at the end of the upstroke and locked.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a detail.

Referring to the drawings, in which similar letters of reference indicate like parts in all the figures, A indicates the exterior cylinder, which, for convenience, will be hereinafter designated as the boilercylinder, and B the interior cylinder, which, for the same reason, I will hereinafter designate the piston-cylinder.77 The boiler-cylinder A, near its upper extremity, is of increased diameter to form a packing-chamber, a, and has an interior threaded portion, a', which engages a threaded annular iiange, c, upon the capl C. As the cap Gis screwed down into the boiler-cylinder the annular flange' c compresses the interposed packing in the chamber a and makes aste'amtight joint.

Formed upon the inner surface of the boilercylinder is a` horizontal annular flange, A',

which serves as a guide to the piston-cylinderl B, which moves therein. The boiler-cylinder is provided with a suitable steam-gage, ft2, 8o and a blow-off, a?, for purposes which will be obvious.b y

The piston-'cylinder B has a closed bottom, and is composed `of a main cylindrical portion, B', which operates within the annular flange A', and a larger cylindrical portion, B2,whichv is of slightlysmaller diameter than the interior of the boiler-cylinder A and covers the packportion-B2 a flange, b, projects inward, and 90 parallel with this flange b is the web b,which connects the portions Bfand B2 of the pistoncylinder.

As the cap G and boiler-cylinder A remain stationary and the piston-cylinder ,with closed.n bottom moves upward, it is obvious that means must be provided for the escape of the air and steam that is in the interior of the piston-cylinder. 'Io this end I employ two metal bolts,

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D, which pass through proper apertures in the roo l outer air until the passage d passes into the packing of the aperture in the cap C, through which the bolt passes, which will only occur when the cylinder is at or near the end of its upstroke, and further escape through the passages d d is not needed.

Below the channel or passage d each bolt D is solid, and hasacylindrical neck or shank, d2, and a locking-plate, d, all formed in a single piece. In one position the plate d will pass readily by the flange b when a quarterturn-that is say, one-fourth of a revolutionand in combination with the cylinder A, havwill bring said plate under the flange b, between it and the web b', and securely lock the parts D and B together.

Thebolt D is provided with internal threads,

d4, which engage the threads c of a nut, E.

This nut has a central chamber, e', and its lower edge nds a seat upon the cap C, as shown. By this means, when the pistou-cyl inder has completed its upstroke, the flasks are closed and the heat discontinued. The parts may be locked by screwing this nut E down upon its seat until the cooling process is effected.

In this art an even uniform temperature throughout the flask is not only desirable, but to secure good results necessary. In my construction the piston-cylinder gives the uniform heat of the boiler to bottom and sides of the flasks, and to provide for the same temperature over the tops of the ilasks I provide the cap cwith downwardly-extending projections c', which form a bearing for the upper surface of the flasks. It will therefore be observed that the heat may circulate over the tops of the in the art, and comprises a prominent feature in this invention. The steam, as it generates, imparts heat to the material being cured, and the gradual increase of pressure elevates the piston-cylinder; hence in the first stages in the generation of steam no steam-exit is required. For this reason I locate the blow-olfy a3 in the boiler-cylinder opposite the cylinder B2 of the piston-cylinder, as the steam-pressure will never require reduction until the said cylinder B2 has uncovered the blow-off a3.

Modiiications in details of construction may 6o `be made without departing from the principle or sacrificing the advantages of my invention, the essential features of which will be readily understood from the foregoing description, taken in connection with the drawings.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a vulcanizing and celluloid apparatus, two concentric cylinders and a cap secured to the outer cylinder to form a steam-tight joint, the space between the two cylinders being formed into a boiler, and the inner cylinder being adapted to serve as a piston to press the material between its closed bottom and the cap as it is impelled by the steam generated in the boiler, combined with means for automatically allowing egress of gas, &c., from the inner chamber, substantially as described.

2. In a vulcanizing and celluloid apparatus,

ing guide-flange A', and the cap C, the pistoncylinder B, composed of the portions B and B2, and the web b', as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a vulcanizing apparatus, as described, a hollow locking-bolt connecting the interior of the piston-cylinder with the outer air, combined with such pistoncylinder, and adapted to serve substantially as set forth.

4. In combination with the cylinder B, llaving flange b, the bolt D, having passages d d and plate c, and the cap C, as set forth.

5. In combination with the piston-cylinder, the cap, and the bolt D, the nut E, adapted to lock the cap and piston together, as set forth.

6. In a vulcanizing and celluloid apparatus, substantially as described, the cap C, having projections C', whereby the stroke of the piston may exceed the height of the asks, as sct forth, for the purposes described.

7. The combination of theboiler-cylinder A, having blow-ofi' a3, located as described, the

piston having cylindrical portion B2, as set forth. A

8. In combination with the boiler A, having packing-chamber a and guide-ring A', the pistoircylinder B, as shown, the cap C, having projection C and flange c, and blow-off a, as set forth.

9. In combination with the boiler-cylinder, pistorrcylinder, and cap, as described, the bolt D and locking-nut E, as shown, all adapted to serve as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I havehereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesscs.

GEORGE I. RISHEL. Titnessesz Homan HOLLIDAY, XVM. C. BINGHAM.

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